·
The nation's forest land area is still about
two-thirds the size it was in 1600. This is in spite the
conversion of 307 million acres of forest land to other uses, principally
agriculture.
Add to this the
enormous harvest that has been necessary to build this nation, warm its
citizens and drive its engines. To this total, add all of the losses to
forest fires, diseases and insects. Even after all of this, we still have
two-thirds as much forest land as was when the Pilgrims landed.
· Nonindustrial
private forest lands comprise 59% of all U.S. forest land, and accounted
for 49% of the harvest in 1991; private industrial lands comprise 14% of
all U.S. forest land, and accounted for 33% of the 1991 harvest; national
forests comprise 17% of all U.S. forest land, and accounted for 12% of the
1991 harvest; other public ownerships account for 13% of the U.S. forest
land base, and accounted for 6% of the 1991 harvest.
· More trees are growing in the
nation's forests today than at any time since the early 1900s.
· In 1900, forest
growth rates were a fraction of harvest. Today, annual forest growth
exceeds harvest by 33%.
· Net annual growth
has increased 55% since 1952, and growth per acre has increased 62%.
· Softwood net
growing volume increased 4% between 1952 and 1992 and hardwood growing
volume increased 82% during the same period.
· Nationally, standing timber volume
per acre in U.S. forests is
33% greater than in 1952.
· In 1991, growth
exceeded removals in all regions; in the North by 92%; in the South by
10%; in the Rocky Mountains by 163%; and in the Pacific Coast region by
14%. For the U.S., hardwood growth exceeded removals by 80% and
softwoods, by 9%. About 67% of total harvest was softwood; the remaining
33%, hardwood.
· Annual growth in
national forests now exceeds harvest by more than 60%.
· Of the nation's
standing softwood sawtimber inventory, 47% is located in publicly-owned
national forests.
· Of America's
national forest land base, 70% is in land use categories where timber
production is forbidden. 30% remains open to varying levels of harvest.
· There are about
6.2 million acres of old-growth timber standing in national forests in
Oregon and Washington. Of these 6.2 million acres, 3.2 million are set
aside in areas where harvesting is forbidden. Another one million acres of
old-growth is standing in national parks and other reserves, where timber
harvesting is forever forbidden.
· According to the
U.S. Forest Service, domestic demand for wood fiber will increase by 50%
by the year 2020.
· The U.S. is the
world's leading importer and consumer of industrial and consumer raw
materials. Most of the non-wood raw materials consumed in America come
from developing nations, where there are few environmental restrictions,
compared to those in force here. Wood is one of the few raw materials
consumed in America that comes mostly from American soil and is
manufactured here.
· By weight, U.S.
consumption of wood fiber is roughly equal to consumption, by weight, of
all metals, plastics and cement, combined.
· Although wood
consumption accounts for almost half of the total annual industrial raw
material tonnage, lumber and wood products manufacturing processes account
for only about 4% of energy consumed by industrial raw material
manufacturers.
· In the book,
World Resources: A guide to the Global Environment, the editors point
out that emissions from gas used in the pressing of steel have increased
900% since 1950; and emissions from oil, used in steel processing, have
increased 500% during the same period. These emissions contribute to acid
rain, which in turn sterilizes lakes and rivers, kills trees and forests,
and impacts the health of people and wildlife.
In The Long-Term Impacts of Increasing
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Levels, G. J. McDonald reports coal and oil
combustion each account for about 40% of total fossil fuel emissions;
natural gas, about 20%.
In a preliminary life cycle analysis
conducted by Scientific Certification systems for the Western Wood
Products Assoc., it is reported that concrete production emits two to
three times more carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons than the
production of lumber.
The same report estimates aluminum
production results in eight times the air emissions and 300 times the
water emissions; and concrete production creates five times more solid
waste than wood produces.
The 1976 CORRIM Report, prepared for the
National Science Foundation, reported aluminum framing for exterior walls
was nearly 20 times as energy intensive as wood framing, and steel framing
required 13 times as much energy as wood. Also, energy requirements for
brick veneer siding were 25 times those of wood-based siding materials.
· Wood is the only
natural resource on Earth that is at once renewable, recyclable,
biodegradable and re-usable. The energy required to grow our timber supply
is free. It comes from the Sun.
· An unintended
consequence of efforts to preserve America's forests by importing wood
from other nations or by forcing increased use of nonrenewable wood
substitutes, is that we place the global environment at greater ecological
risk. When the nation's raw material equation is viewed from this
perspective, the inescapable conclusion is that we should be striving to
increase the sustainable production of wood grown in America's forests.
Source: Evergreen Magazine,
1994 Forest Facts Book